Council of the Indies — DefinitionThe Council of the Indies served as Spain’s main governing body for its American colonies.
Dark and Bloody Ground — DefinitionThe phrase “Dark and Bloody Ground” refers to the territory that became the states of Kentucky, West Virginia, and Ohio, which was known for violent conflicts between Native American Indians and European settlers.
Dulany, Daniel (the Younger) — Lawyer, Politician, American RevolutionDaniel Dulany the Younger was a Maryland lawyer and politician who rose to prominence during the American Revolution, due to his stance against Taxation Without Representation.
Freedmen — DefinitionFreedmen were formerly enslaved African Americans who gained legal freedom during and after the Civil War.
Gaine, Hugh — Printer, Publisher, American RevolutionHugh Gaine was a prominent printer and publisher during the American Revolution.
Holt, John — Printer, Publisher, American RevolutionJohn Holt was a newspaper publisher during the American Revolution.
King Charles V/Charles I (1500–1558) — SummaryCharles ruled Aragon and Castile (Spain) as Charles I from 1516–1556 and the Holy Roman Empire as Charles V from 1519–1556, making him one of the most powerful monarchs of the 16th Century.
Lee’s Lost Order (Special Orders No. 191) — Definition Lee’s Lost Order was a copy of Confederate General Robert E. Lee’s Special Orders No. 191, which divided his army during the Maryland Campaign. Union soldiers found it and passed it along to General George McClellan, who used it to plan his attacks against Lee’s forces.
Lincoln’s Pocket Veto — DefinitionLincoln’s Pocket Veto was a political maneuver used by President Abraham Lincoln when he refused to sign the Wade-Davis Bill in 1864.
Lincoln’s Ten Percent Reconstruction Plan — DefinitionLincoln’s Ten Percent Reconstruction Plan was President Abraham Lincoln’s proposal for restoring Confederate States to the Union.
Marblehead Addressers — DefinitionThe Marblehead Addressers were Massachusetts residents who publicly supported royal officials after the passage of the Intolerable Acts.
New Laws of the Indies (1542) — DefinitionThe New Laws of the Indies (Leyes Nuevas) were reforms issued by King Charles V in 1542 to protect native people in the Americas from exploitation in Spain’s New World colonies.
Presidential Reconstruction — DefinitionPresidential Reconstruction was the phase of Reconstruction when President Andrew Johnson initiated policies that sought to quickly readmit the former Confederate States to the Union.
Rivington, James — Printer, Publisher, American RevolutionJames Rivington was the publisher of a Loyalist newspaper during the American Revolution, and may have been involved with the Culper Spy Ring.
Spanish Requirement of 1513 — DefinitionThe Spanish Requirement of 1513 (El Requerimiento) was a document issued by Spain that outlined the rights and responsibilities of the Spanish colonizers in the New World.
Three Sisters (Cropping System) — DefinitionThe Three Sisters were maize (corn), beans, and squash, often grown together in a system of companion planting called the Three Sisters Cropping System.
Valladolid Debate (1550–1551) — DefinitionThe Valladolid Debate was a famous debate in 16th-century Spain about the treatment of native people in Spain’s New World Colonies.
