1861–1865 - Civil War

During the American Civil War, there were two Union armies designated as the Army of the Ohio. The second Army of the Ohio existed during the years 1863 to 1865.

Organized June 20, 1861, the Army of the Potomac later became the Army of Northern Virginia, the principal military force of the Confederate States of America in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War.

The Army of the Potomac was the Union's primary fighting force in the Eastern Theater throughout most of the American Civil War.

The main Confederate force in northwestern Virginia after the beginning of the American Civil War, the Army of the Shenandoah, reinforced the Army of the Potomac at the Battle of Bull Run I, securing a Confederate victory.

The first Army of the Shenandoah is an unofficial designation given to troops who served in the Shenandoah Valley in 1861 and 1862 during the American Civil War.

First commanded by Major General Philip Sheridan, the Second Army of the Shenandoah was formed in August 1864 to drive Confederate General Jubal Early's forces out of Shenandoah Valley.

Formed in February 1865 and commanded by Major General Joseph E. Johnston, the Confederate Army of the South, consisted of the Army of Tennessee and all troops in Department of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, and the Department of Southern Virginia.

The Army of the Southwest was a short-lived Union force organized on December 25, 1861, to resist Confederate forces operating in Missouri.

Composed primarily of Midwesterners, the Union Army of the Tennessee participated in nearly all of the major campaigns in the Western Theater during the American Civil War from 1861 through 1865.

The last major Southern force to surrender at the end of the American Civil War, the Army of the Trans-Mississippi Department embodied the troops assigned to the Trans-Mississippi Department.

Formed on January 10, 1862, from troops operating in the Trans-Mississippi District of Department Number 2, in Arkansas and Missouri, the Confederate Army of the West participated in the Battles of Pea Ridge and Iuka before being merged with troops from the Department of Southern Mississippi and East Louisiana to form the Army of West Tennessee on September 28, 1862.

Formally named the Army of the Department of Mississippi and East Louisiana, Lieutenant General John C. Pemberton's Army of Vicksburg was charged with defending Vicksburg, Mississippi, during Union Major General Ulysses S. Grant's Vicksburg Campaign in 1863.

Organized on June 26, 1862, the Army of Virginia was defeated at the Second Battle of Bull Run before it was discontinued on September 12, 1862.

The Army of West Virginia served under Brigadier General George Crook during Major General Philip Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign in 1864.

Chester A. Arthur facts, accomplishments, and timeline. 21st President of the United States.

Chester Alan Arthur was the 21st President of the United States, serving from September 19, 1881 to March 4, 1885. He succeeded President James Garfield after his assassination. He is most famous for signing the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, which targeted the Spoils System. Arthur is notable for being the only person to serve as President without ever having been elected.

James Mitchell Ashley was a five-term Ohio Congressman and Radical Republican leader who introduced the House proposal that would become the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States.

The Atlanta Campaign was an 1864 Union offensive into Northern Georgia, led by General William T. Sherman against the Confederate Army of Tennessee. The campaign started when Sherman advanced from the area near Chattanooga, Tennessee, and ended after John Bell Hood evacuated Atlanta. Sherman occupied the city, securing a major Union victory and strengthening President Abraham Lincoln’s reelection campaign.

The Battle of Atlanta was fought between the United States of America and the Confederate States of America on July 22, 1864, near Atlanta, Georgia. Union forces under General William T. Sherman defeated Confederate forces under General John B. Hood after Hood launched attacks against the Union left flank and center. Although Confederate forces still held Atlanta after the battle, Hood’s army suffered heavy losses, and Sherman later forced the evacuation of the city.

The First Battle of Auburn was a brief engagement fought on October 13, 1863, during the Bristoe Campaign, after Confederate forces encountered the Union forces near Auburn. Union artillery stopped the Confederate attack and forced them to withdraw toward Warrenton, setting the stage for the Second Battle of Auburn.