1865–1877 - Reconstruction

Susan B. Anthony is frequently recognized as the most influential leader in the struggle for women's suffrage in America.

Key facts about the life of women's rights activist Susan B. Anthony

James M. Ashley was a five-term Ohio Congressman and Radical Republican leader who introduced the House proposal that would become the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States.

Key facts about James M. Ashley, a five-term Ohio Congressman and Radical Republican leader who introduced the House proposal that would become the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States.

Clara Barton was an acclaimed humanitarian who is popularly known as the Angel of the Battlefield. She was the founder and first president of the American Red Cross, serving from 1881 to 1904.

Key facts about the Angel of the Battlefield, and co-founder of the American Red Cross Clara Barton.

An influential congressman from Ohio during the American Civil War and Reconstruction eras, John Bingham drafted the first section of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution.

Key facts about John A. Bingham, an influential congressman during the American Civil War and Reconstruction eras, who drafted the first section of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution.

Black Codes were laws passed by Southern states in the aftermath of the Civil War that imposed strict regulations on the behavior and activities of African Americans. These codes often restricted the rights and freedoms of African Americans, including their ability to vote, own property, and enter into contracts.

Black Kettle was a Cheyenne chief who is most well-known for his efforts to secure peace and safety for his people as Americans migrated westward. He was involved in the Sand Creek Massacre, and killed at the Battle of the Washita — two of the worse atrocities committed by the U.S. Army against the Plains Indians.

Robert Campbell was an Irish-born Frontiersman, fur trader, and businessman. He is most famous for the years he spent trapping and exploring the American West and for various successful business ventures.

Key facts about the Civil Rights Act of 1866.

Enacted by Congress over President Andrew Johnson's veto, the Civil Rights Act of 1866 aimed to counter Black Codes enacted by Southern states by validating the citizenship of former slaves and endowing them with specific, federally guaranteed, civil rights

The 22nd and 24th U.S. President, Grover Cleveland is the only chief executive to serve two nonconsecutive terms in the White House.

After escaping from bondage on September 3, 1838, Frederick Douglass became a highly-acclaimed orator and writer supporting the abolition of slavery before the Civil War and the enactment of African American rights during Reconstruction.

Key facts about the Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

Approved by Congress on February 26, 1869, ratified by the states on February 3, 1870, and certified by Secretary of State Hamilton Fish on March 30, 1870, the Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution affirmed that "The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."

Key facts about the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

Ratified in 1868, the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution was the second of the Reconstruction Amendments proposed by Congress and ratified by the states.