Date and Location
- September 14, 1862
- Frederick County and Washington County, Maryland
Campaign
Principal Union Commanders
- Major General George B. McClellan
- Major General Ambrose Burnside
- Major General Joseph Hooker
- Major General Jesse L. Reno
- Major General William B. Franklin
- Brigadier General Jacob D. Cox
- Brigadier General George G. Meade
Principal Confederate Commanders
- General Robert E. Lee
- Major General D.H. Hill
- Lieutenant General James Longstreet
- Brigadier General Alfred H. Colquitt
- Brigadier General Samuel Garland
- Brigadier General John Bell Hood
Union Forces Engaged
- 1st, 6th, 9th, 4th Army Corps (Army of the Potomac)
Confederate Forces Engaged
- Hill’s Division (Army of Northern Virginia)
Number of Union Soldiers Engaged
- Roughly 38,000
Number of Confederate Soldiers Engaged
- Roughly 12,000
Estimated Union Casualties
- 2,325 total (443 killed, 1,807 wounded, 75 missing)
Estimated Confederate Ccasualties
- 2,685 total (325 killed, 1560 wounded, 800 missing)
Result
- Union victory
Significance
- The Battle of South Mountain was fought for control of three passes through South Mountain, Turner’s Gap, Fox’s Gap, and Crampton’s Gap.
- Future U.S. presidents Rutherford B. Hayes and William McKinley fought at the Battle of South Mountain.
- Union Major General Jesse L. Reno and Confederate Brigadier General Samuel Garland were mortally wounded during the Battle of South Mountain.
Timeline of the Maryland Campaign
These are the main battles and events of the Maryland Campaign in order.
- September 12–15, 1862 — Battle of Harpers Ferry
- September 14, 1862 — Battle of South Mountain
- September 17, 1862 — Battle of Antietam
- September 19–20, 1862 — Battle of Shepherdstown
