The Colony of New Netherland was established in 1614, but colonists did not arrive until 1624. That was the year the Dutch West India Company established the first permanent settlement — Fort Orange — in New Netherland. Fort Orange was on the Hudson River at present-day Albany, New York. The following year, a second trading post, New Amsterdam, was established on the southern tip of Manhattan Island, at the mouth of the Hudson. In 1664, English forces captured New Amsterdam. Soon after, King Charles II gave the colony to his brother, James, the Duke of York, who renamed it “New York.” Although Dutch control was restored in 1673, England regained control in 1674.
Essential Facts
- Year Founded — 1664 (acquired from the Dutch)
- Founded By — Duke of York
- General Assembly Established — 1683–1685
- Region — Middle Colonies
Primary Documents
- New York Merchants Non-Importation Agreement in Response to the Stamp Act (October 31, 1765)
- Townshend Acts, New York Restraining Act
- Sons of Liberty, New York, Association of 1773
Biographies
- William Alexander, Lord Stirling
- William Bayard, Sr.
- Aaron Burr
- George Clinton
- James Clinton
- John Cruger Jr.
- William Floyd
- Horatio Gates
- Alexander Hamilton
- John Jay
- Leonard Lispenard
- Philip Livingston
- Robert R. “The Judge” Livingston
- Robert R. “The Chancellor” Livingston
- Alexander McDougall
- Richard Montgomery
- Thomas Paine
- Philip Schuyler
- Benjamin Tallmadge
History
Colonial America
- Dominion of New England (1686–1689)
- King William’s War (1688–1697)
- Leisler’s Rebellion (1689–1691)
- New York Slave Revolt (1712)
- New York Slave Conspiracy (1741)
- Albany Congress (1754)
- French and Indian War (1754–1763)
Key Concepts
- Agriculture in Colonial America
- Board of Trade
- Mercantilism
- Navigation Acts
- Salutary Neglect
- Transatlantic Slave Trade
- Triangular Trade
- Taxation Without Representation — Overview and History
American Revolution
- Pontiac’s Rebellion (1763)
- Proclamation of 1763
- Sugar Act (1764) — Guide
- Stamp Act (1765) — Guide
- Sons of Liberty
- Townshend Acts (1767—1768)
- Battle of Golden Hill (January 19–20, 1770)
- Committees of Correspondence
- Tea Act (1773)
- Intolerable Acts (1774)
- New York — Delegates to the First Continental Congress (1774)
- First Continental Congress (1774)
- Continental Association (1774)
American Revolutionary War
1775
- Capture of Fort Ticonderoga (May 10, 1775)
- Second Continental Congress (1775—1781)
- Olive Branch Petition (July 8, 1775)
- Raid on Turtle Bay, New York (July 20, 1775)
1776
- Declaration of Independence (Rough Draft)
- Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776)
- Battle of Long Island (August 27–29, 1776)
- Staten Island Peace Conference (September 11, 1776)
- Landing at Kip’s Bay (September 15, 1776)
- Battle of Harlem Heights (September 16, 1776)
- Battle of Valcour Island (October 11, 1776)
- Battle of Pell’s Point (October 18, 1776)
- Battle of Mamaroneck (October 22, 1776)
- Battle of White Plains (October 28, 1776)
- Battle of Fort Washington (November 16, 1776)
1777
- Burgoyne’s Campaign (1777)
- Saratoga Campaign (June 14, 1777–October 17, 1777)
- Siege of Fort Ticonderoga (July 2–6, 1777)
- Battle of Skenesborough (July 6, 1777)
- Battle of Hubbardton (July 7, 1777)
- Battle of Fort Anne (July 8, 1777)
- Siege of Fort Stanwix (August 2–22, 1777)
- Battle of Oriskany (August 6, 1777)
- Battle of Bennington (August 16, 1777)
- First Battle of Saratoga at Freeman’s Farm (September 19, 1777)
- Clinton’s Hudson Highlands Expedition (October 3–22, 1777)
- Second Battle of Saratoga at Bemis Heights (October 7, 1777)
- British Surrender at Saratoga (October 17, 1777)
- Convention Army (1777–1783)
